Publications

I have authored 14 books, 20 articles, 7 adopted laws and regulations and 584 client approved technical reports. My publications have reached more than 1,500 citations according to Academia.edu.

BOOKS PUBLISHED

A Decade of Development; Carsten H. Laugesen with Bokellang Khave. 72 pages. Published by Royal Danish Embassy, 2009.The book describes the Danish Development Assistance to Southern Africa from 1999 to 2009. More than 30 case stories are presented within seven clusters: Environmental Management, Energy, Climate Change, Water Management Aids, Health & Gender, Democraty & Regional Integration and Skills Development

Wastewater Management in Developing Countries; A paradigm shift in tropical wastewater management (2009), Carsten H. Laugesen with Ole Fryd, Hans Brix and Thammarat Kootatep. 240 pp. Published by ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers), 320 pages. The book argues for a paradigm shift in the management of wastewater in the tropics to influence how wastewater management systems are planned, designed, and operated in tropical countries. The book combine presentation and evaluation of case studies and the development of a new innovative framework to assess the appropriateness of wastewater management systems. The book focuses on the importance of integrated wastewater management systems, that is, systems that include both wastewater collection and treatment systems, reuse of treated wastewater, energy conservation, urban integration, efficient financing and organisation – and systems which are custom designed to fit the specific physical, economic and social context of the project area

Returning clean water to Nong Han lake, Sakhon Nakhon (2005), Carsten H. Laugesen with Sarawut Srisakuna and Ken Wright. Wastewater Management Authority, Thailand. 1st edition. 37 pages. WMA Publications, Bangkok. The book describes the background, content and future of wastewater management in Sakhon Nakhon in North East Thailand. The book provides an overview of key issues in the province including the importance of the Nong Han lake, the improved wastewater management system applied which consists of a series of ponds and constructed wetlands, the acquired ISO 9000 certification and the effort to turn the wastewater treatment plant into a visitor and research centre

Clean beach, clean river, Patong (2006), Carsten H. Laugesen with S. Srisakuna and K. Wright. Wastewater Management Authority, Thailand. 1st edition. 42 pages. WMA Publications, Bangkok. The book describes the background, content and future of wastewater management in Patong Municipality in Phuket Province. The book provides an overview of key issues of wastewater management in the area, a description of the two-pronged strategy implemented with centralised wastewater collection and treatment system for half of the city and a constructed wetland system for river treatment for the remaining non-collected wastewater. The constructed wetland technique applied is described in detail as an example of a promising wastewater treatment system for tropical locations

Water, Land, Cities, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo (2003), Carsten H. Laugesen with Tony Greer, Datuk Eric Juin, Bablu Virinder Singh & Osman Ajamain. Natural History Publications, Malaysia. 1st edition. 357 pages. ISBN 9838120723. Water, Land, Cities, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo contains full-size photos and snapshots with short written introductions, of particular Sabah environments, and the extent to which they are undergoing change as the State develops and the need for the resources of land and sea increases. In the process, the book displays the remarkable patterns, striking mosaics, shapes and colours of people, life and places characteristic of the modern Sabah scene, making this an honest portrayal of the State warts and all. This colour-filled book includes more than 400 striking photographs presented through twelve short stories

Environmental Indicators (2003), Carsten H. Laugesen with Tony Greer and Datuk Eric Juin. Environmental Protection Department, Sabah, Malaysia. 2nd edition, 210 pages. Syarikat Bumi Yakin (Sabah State Government Publishing), Kota Kinabalu. The book describes the spectacular environment of Sabah with its abundant natural resources and a world-renowned assemblage of ecological diversity and the increasing pressures on this environment during the last decades. The first State of the Environment Report sets a baseline for information about the environment in Sabah, the progress towards sustainability, emerging threats to the environment and the challenges ahead. The book provides a readable and non-technical overview of the status of the environment. It shows the state of the environment now, what is happening, why it is happening and what should be done. It is a snapshot in time against which future changes can be measured

Managers in Dialogue; focus on dialogue between top and middle managers (1994), Carsten H. Laugesen with Astrid Perregaard and Birgit Stage. Forlaget Kommuneinformation A/S, 1st edition, Copenhagen, 65 pages. ISBN 8773169153. Managers in Dialogue focuses on the increasing need for top and middle managers in municipalities to establish systematic and fruitful methods for dialogue. The recent focus in public administration on decentralisation and larger administrative units increases and accentuates the need for new methods to create meaningful and coherent dialogue in the larger municipalities between the different management levels. Why, when and how should this dialogue be established is discussed and examples of methods for dialogue management is provided. Dialogue management is seen and described as a modern, efficient and democratic form of management in public administrations

Management by Objectives and Human Resource Development; preconditions, methods and lessons learned (1993), Carsten H. Laugesen with Bo Mikkelsen and Frans Bevort. Forlaget Kommuneinformation A/S, 3rd edition, Copenhagen, 71 pages, ISBN 8773168505. Management by Objectives and Human Resource Development provides a discussion of the pre-conditions required to introduce Management by Objectives (MBO) in local governments. The book also links MBO systems to improved and more efficient human resource development. MBO is a new challenge for public organisations as the demands for transparency, user involvement, more visible success criteria, quality management and systematic monitoring increases for municipalities and other public institutions. The book provides methods, best practices and lessons learned from pilot projects on MBO in municipalities and outlines new ways of human resource management such as dialogue management and contract management

Quality Assurance in the Health Sector; methods and lessons learned (1992), Carsten H. Laugesen. Forlaget Kommuneinformation A/S, 5th edition, Copenhagen, 108 pages, ISBN 8773167525. The book, in its sixth edition, contains an innovative approach to quality assurance systems in the health sector. The book outlines a two-pronged strategy for quality assurance. Firstly by focusing on data based management. The book analyses, describes and provides examples of data-based monitoring systems. Secondly by focusing on team-based management. The advantages of utilisation of groups and teams in quality assurance works are outlined and methods for teamwork are exemplified. The book is based on 3 years of experience with the implementation of the first hospital quality assurance system in Denmark, and is used in clinical departments and education programs

Continuity Assurance in the Health Sector; quality assurance in clinical praxis (1992), Carsten H. Laugesen, Johan Kjaergaard and Birgit Ottsen. Forlaget Kommuneinformation A/S, 2nd edition, Copenhagen, 143 pages, ISBN 8773167533. The book analyses and describes the results from a three-year quality assurance development project in a clinical department in one of the major hospitals in Copenhagen, Denmark. Focus is given to the issues of creating a system that could ensure continuity in the delivery of services from doctors and nurses. A one-doctor-one-nurse-one-patient system was introduced, and more than 60,000 data were collected to assess the impact of this system. The results showed an increased efficiency of at least 20%, significantly higher patient satisfaction, fewer clinical mistakes and more coherent and transparent information. The results were widely discussed in the Danish health care sector 

Quality Assurance in Health Administrations; methods and results (1992), Carsten H. Laugesen, Kurt Pedersen and Henrik Larsen. Forlaget Kommuneinformation A/S, 1st edition, Copenhagen, 49 pages, ISBN 8773167517. The book analyses and describes the results from a two-year quality assurance development project in the administration of a large hospital in Copenhagen. Focus is on the method and results of introducing quality assurance systems in six different departments (finance, accounting, user, personnel, purchasing, and IT) and the systematic registration of user satisfaction with the services provided by these departments. The book ends with a discussion on sustainability and future of quality assurance in large administrations

Dilemmas, paradoxes and balances in organisational capacity development (2007), Carsten H. Laugesen. 180 pages. Unpublished. The thesis contains an in-depth analysis of the dilemmas, paradoxes and balances in the implementation of organisational capacity development in developing countries. Capacity development has become a key feature in international development projects despite the complexity of the approach. The book provides a valuable contribution to the definition and approach of the capacity development concept and discusses the consequences a coherent definition has on the issues of design, implementation and evaluation of capacity development projects. The book draws attention to the often overseen aspect of implementation and provides theories and examples of the numerous constraints and possibilities that emerge through actual implementation

Political and Organisational Power Theories applied to Local Community Power (1988), Carsten H. Laugesen. Aalborg University Publications, Aalborg, 162 pages. Unpublished. The thesis describes and integrates politological and organisational theories on the understanding of local communities. Three different politological dimensions of power are analysed, namely the theories of Dahl, Bachrach & Baratz and Lukes & Gaventa, followed by an analysis of three different types of organisational power, namely the organisations' own power base, the power of networking and the power gained from the organisational surroundings. These are integrated into a coherent political and organisational understanding of local community power and influence

An Inter-organisational Network Perspective of the United Nations Refugee Operations in Thailand; focus on the role of non-governmental aid organisations (1988), Carsten H. Laugesen. Aalborg University Publications, 1st edition, 242 pages. Unpublished. The thesis describes organisational theories for understanding the complex UN operation in Thailand. Theories of organisational environments, power base, networks, action sets and institutional structures are outlined. This is followed by in-depth analysis of the case study; UN's refugee assistance to Kampuchean refugees with a focus on the role of voluntary, non-governmental aid organisations. The thesis concludes that the refugee operation is highly political in its nature, and that the participating NGOs either are aware of this, ideologically support the hidden objectives of the operation and accept their role, or are not aware and therefore become increasingly frustrated with the efficiency and impact of the refugee operation and the apparent lack of coordination between the multiple players.

LAWS AND REGULATIONS ADOPTED

Renewable Energy Feed-in-Tariff Policy (2018), Carsten H. Laugesen with Hans Henrik Linboe. Ministry of Mines, Energy and Water Development, Zambia. (Zambia Government Publishing), Lusaka, 22 pages. The Policy lays the principles, aims, objectives, measures and implementation and organisational framework for the introduction of the renewable feed-in mechanism in Zambia.

Environmental Protection Bill (2002), Carsten H. Laugesen, Datuk Eric Juin and Darrel Leiking. Environmental Protection Department, Sabah, Malaysia. 32 pages. Syarikat Bumi Yakin (Sabah State Government Publishing), Kota Kinabalu. The Bill, passed by the Sabah State Assembly in 2002, provided the State with a fundamentally new environmental enactment. The new law defined and provided the powers and areas of competence for the environmental authhhorities in the State. The Bill consists of 11 parts: Preliminary, Environmental Protection Council, General Provisions relating to Policies and Programmes on Environmental Protection, Environment Protection Fund, Administration, Duties and Restrictions, Enforcement and Ancillary Power, Environmental Appeal Board, Registration of Environmental Consultants, Offences and Penalties, and Rules, Savings and Repeal

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Handbook (2001), Carsten H. Laugesen with Tony Greer and Datuk Eric Juin. Environmental Protection Department, Sabah, Malaysia. 2nd edition, 112 pages. Syarikat Bumi Yakin (Sabah State Government Publishing), Kota Kinabalu. The Handbook describes a new EIA procedure, approved by the Sabah State Assembly, with focus on prioritisation and prediction of the most significant environmental impacts; identification of appropriate and cost-effective mitigating measures; and recommendations on sufficient and realistic monitoring programmes for compliance and environmental impact. Furthermore, the EIA procedures stress the importance of focussed, appropriate and realistic Terms of Reference for the assessment allowing for a more flexible EIA procedure that should vary in breadth, depth and type of analysis depending on the project; and of transparency and openness in all steps of the EIA procedure

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Guidelines for Logging and Forest Clearance (2002), Carsten H. Laugesen, Tony Greer, Sinoh Mohamed and Datuk Eric Juin. Environmental Protection Department, Sabah, Malaysia. 2nd edition, 87 pages. Syarikat Bumi Yakin (Sabah State Government Publishing), Kota Kinabalu. The guidelines, published by the Sabah State Assembly, are used by project proponents, environmental consultants and approving authorities involved in initiating, assessing and approving EIAs for logging and forest clearance activities. The guidelines provide practical means of assessing environmental impacts, recommending mitigation measures and proposing monitoring programmes for selective logging operations and related activities. The guidelines consist of four chapters: An overview of Forestry in Sabah, Environmental Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Monitoring

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Guidelines for Oil Palm Development (2002), Carsten H. Laugesen, Datuk Eric Juin and Tony Greer. Environmental Protection Department, Sabah, Malaysia. 2nd edition, 98 pages. Syarikat Bumi Yakin, Kota Kinabalu. Oil palm cultivation may result in the destruction of important habitats, change the hydrological regime of a region, and contribute to waterway pollution in terms of increased suspended solids and elevated levels of agro-chemicals. As oil palm cultivation extends over large land areas, the impacts are regional in nature. The guidelines provide an easy-to-follow and practical means for assessing environmental impacts, recommending mitigation measures and proposing monitoring programmes for planning the actual extent and location of area to be planted; land clearing activities; and biomass management and disposal. The guidelines consist of four chapters: An overview of Oil Palm plantation development in Sabah, Environmental Impacts, Mitigation Measures, and Monitoring

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Guidelines for River Sand and Stone Mining (2001), Carsten H. Laugesen, Datuk Eric Juin and Tony Greer. Environmental Protection Department, Sabah, Malaysia. 2nd edition, 75 pages. Syarikat Bumi Yakin (Sabah State Government Publishing), Kota Kinabalu. The Guidelines, approved by the Sabah State Assembly, provide an easy-to-follow and practical means for assessing environmental impacts, recommending mitigation measures and proposing monitoring programmes for mining, excavating, extracting, quarrying or dredging of sand, gravel, rocks, boulders, and other riverbed deposits, when the activities take place from the bed or bank of a river, from a river reserve or within a river-mouth. River sand and stone mining may induce channel erosion, reduce recreational and wildlife values, and contribute towards the local extinction of stream fauna. The guidelines consist of four chapters: An overview of Sand Mining in Sabah, Environmental Impacts, Mitigation Measures, and Monitoring

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Guidelines for Construction on Hill Slopes (2001), Carsten H. Laugesen, Datuk Eric Juin and Tony Greer. Environmental Protection Department, Sabah, Malaysia. 2nd edition, 210 pages. Syarikat Bumi Yakin (State Government Publishing), Kota Kinabalu. Hills with slopes having a gradient of 20 degrees or more are prone to excessive topographical changes, landslides and slope failures. Indiscriminate or uncontrolled construction on hill slopes could thus have dire consequences, including severe damage to property and the loss of life. The guidelines, approved by the State Assembly, are produced to provide guidance on the scope of environmental considerations required during the planning, pre-construction, construction, operations, and maintenance stage of construction. The guidelines provide an easy-to-follow and practical means for assessing environmental impacts, recommending mitigation measures and proposing monitoring programmes for construction of buildings for commercial purposes; construction of buildings exceeding four storeys high for residential purposes; construction of parks and other recreational facilities; and construction of resorts/

ARTICLES PUBLISHED

Laugesen, C. H., Brix, H., T. Koottatep, O. Fryd (2011), The flower and the butterfly constructed wetland system at Koh Phi Phi – system design and lessons learned during implementation and operation, Ecological Engineering Vol 37, No 5, pp 729−735

Laugesen, C. H., Brix, Hans, T. Koottatep (2007), Wastewater treatment in tsunami-affected areas of Thailand by constructed wetlands, Water Science & Technology, Vol 56, No 3, p. 69−74

Laugesen, C. H., Hansen, B., M. R. (2006), Wastewater treatment plant resembling butterfly and flower. Civil Engineering, Magazine of the American Society of Civil Engineers, July no. 7, pp 26-27 

Laugesen, C. H., (2006), Picking up the pieces on Phi Phi. COWI feature, no. 13, pp 30-33

Laugesen, C. H., Mikkelsen, E., Christensen, M. R. (2006), Wastewater management on Phi Phi. Journal for Danish Cities and Harbours (Stads- og havneingenior bladet), April no. 14, pp 15-19

Laugesen, C. H., Mikkelsen, E., Christensen, M. R. (2006), Danish tsunami support to Thailand. Journal for Wastewater Technology (Spildevandsteknisk magasin), no. 1, March 2006, pp 20-22

Laugesen, C. H., Suwanarat, K., (2006), Decentralised wastewater management. The Environmental Engineering Association of Thailand, Yearbook 2006, pp 67-72

Laugesen, C. H., Janepojanat, S., (2005), Wastewater management for nine areas in Pathumwani Province. The Environmental Engineering Association of Thailand, Yearbook 2005, pp. 89-94

Laugesen, C. H., Suwanarat, K., (2004), Perspectives on wastewater management in Thailand, BBP vs PPP. The Environmental Engineering Association of Thailand, Yearbook 2004, pp 104-109

Laugesen, C. H. (1996), Management and cultural differences. Journal for Danish Technology Transfer (Teknologi og Ulande) KfU, no. 19 April, pp 21-24

Laugesen, C. H., Traerup, E., (1996), Stepping carefully in Russia. Chronicle, Berlingske Tidende, 19 June, pp 8-9

Laugesen, C. H., Greve, P., (1995), Focus on processes; a new trend. Journal for Danish Health Care Sector (Tidsskrift for Dansk Sundhedsvaesen), no. 5, pp. 230-35

Laugesen, C. H. (1995), Danish management style in third world countries. Journal for Danish Lawyers and Economists (Djof bladet), June no. 13, pp 7-8

Laugesen, C. H. (1991), Quality indicators in the health sector. Journal for the Danish Health Ministry (Journal for Sundhedsministeriet), no. 2, pp 34-41

Laugesen, C. H., Kjaergaard, J., Ottsen, B., Christensen, T., Frederiksen, H. J., (1991), Quality assurance and continuity assurance. Journal for Doctors (Tidsskrift for Laeger), no. 15.4, pp 1146-51

Laugesen, C. H. (1991), Checkpoints for Copenhagen. Journal for the Health Care Sector (Journal for Sundhedsvaesenet), no. 2 May, pp 10-11 

Laugesen, C. H., Kjaergaard, J., (1990), First plan for quality assurance in Denmark. Journal for Doctors (Tidsskrift for Laeger), no. 5.3, pp 988-92

Laugesen, C. H. (1990), The keyword for the 90s: Quality. Insight (Indblik), Journal for Copenhagen Municipality, no. 1, pp 8-9 

Laugesen, C. H. (1990), Quality assurance in Copenhagen municipality. Journal for Danish Hospitals (Tidsskrift for Danske Sygehuse), no. 7, pp 265-67

Laugesen, C. H. (1990), The future for food preparation in the health care sector. Journal for Health Care Administrators (Tidsskrift for Danske Sygehuse), no. 6, pp 23-27

Laugesen, C. H., Andersen, V. E., (1985), Information technology, no time for luxurious left-wing discussions. Chronicle, Dagbladet Information, 9 May, pp 4

Laugesen, C. H. (1982), Working hours. Chronicle, Vestkysten, 27 August, pp 6-7